Band Quantification

Signal

Sum of the individual pixel intensity values (Total) for a band minus the product of the background value and area.

Signal = Total - (Background x Area)

Normalized Signal

The signal for the target after normalization to the internal loading control. See Normalization Calculation for more information.

Avg. Norm. Signal

The average of the normalized signal values for target bands in a replicate group.

Background

Empiria Studio 1.3 automatically evaluates the local area around each band box or lane box to determine the background value. Read this section for more information about how Adaptive Background Subtraction works.

If the computed background value is extremely small, a "0" will appear in the Analysis Table in the Background column. To see all the digits of the computed background value, export the Analysis Table to a CSV file or to an Excel spreadsheet.

SNR

The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compares the signal for a band to the background value calculated for that band. See Signal-to-Noise Ratio for more information.

Avg. SNR

The average signal-to-noise ratio for target signals within a replicate group.

Std. Dev.

Standard deviation of target signals within a replicate group.

n = The number of data points

x_i = Each of the values of the data

x̅ = The mean of the x_i

% CV

Coefficient of variation for signals for target signals within a replicate group.

Fold Change